The validity and IRT psychometric analysis of Chinese version of Difficult Doctor-Patient Relationship Questionnaire (DDPRQ-10).

OBJECTIVE: The doctor-patient relationship (DPR) plays a crucial role in the Chinese healthcare system, functioning to improve medical quality and reduce medical costs. This study examined the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Difficult Doctor-Patient Relationship Questionnaire (DDPRQ-10) among general hospital inpatients in China. METHODS: The research recruited 38 resident doctors responsible for 120 participants, and factor analyses were used to assess the construct validity of the scale. Convergent validity was evaluated by examining the correlation between DDPRQ-10 and depressive symptoms, burnout, and self-efficacy, using the Patient Health Questionnaire Depression Scale-9 item (PHQ-9), and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). Both multidimensional item response theory (MIRT) and unidimensional item response theory (IRT) frameworks were used to estimate the parameters of each item. RESULTS: The Chinese version of DDPRQ-10 showed satisfactory internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.931), and fitted in a modified two-factor model of positive feelings and negative feelings (χ2/df = 1.494, GFI = 0.925, RMSEA = 0.071, SRMR = 0.008, CFI = 0.985, NFI = 0.958, NNFI = 0.980, TLI = 0.980, IFI = 0.986). Significant correlations with PHQ-9 with DDPRQ-10 and both subscales were revealed (r = 0.293 ~ 0.333, p < .001), while DDPRQ-10 score also significantly correlated with doctors' MBI score (r = -0.467, p < .001). The MIRT model of full scale and IRT models of both subscales showed high discrimination of all items (a = 2.30 ~ 10.18), and the test information within the range of low-quality relationship was relatively high. CONCLUSION: The Chinese version of DDPRQ-10 displayed satisfactory reliability and validity and thus was appropriate for measuring the DPR in Chinese medical settings.

The COVID-19 burnout scale: development and initial validation.

BACKGROUND: Research on the pandemic-related burnout has focused on work-related burnout especially among healthcare workers, but not in the general population. AIM: To develop a valid and reliable instrument scale to measure pandemic-related burnout in the general population. METHODS: We took several steps to develop the scale items and achieve content and face validity; literature review, panel of experts, calculation of content validity ratio, and cognitive interviews. We assessed structural and construct validity, and reliability of the COVID-19 burnout scale (COVID-19-BS). RESULTS: Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis identified three factors for the COVID-19-BS; emotional exhaustion, physical exhaustion, and exhaustion due to measures against the COVID-19. Cronbach's alpha coefficients for the three factors and the COVID-19-BS ranged from 0.860 to 0.921. Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin value was 0.945, and p-value for Bartlett test was <0.001. A significant positive correlation between the three factors and anxiety and depression indicated high concurrent validity. Cohen's kappa ranged from 0.848 to 0.957, while intraclass correlation coefficients ranged from 0.888 to 0.997. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that the final 3-factor model with 13 items of COVID-19-BS is a brief, easy to administer, valid and reliable scale for assessing COVID-19-related burnout in the general public.

Psychometric validation of the Chinese version of the Shirom-Melamed Burnout Questionnaire among parents of children with cancer.

PURPOSE: Although burnout recently emerged as a harmful syndrome in parents, no instrument has been validated to suitably assess burnout among parents of children with cancer in China. In this study, we aimed to psychometrically validate the Shirom-Melamed Burnout Questionnaire (SMBQ) among Chinese parents of children with cancer. DESIGN AND METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional survey of 380 parents of children with cancer to psychometrically validate the SMBQ. Content validity, construct validity, convergent validity, discriminant validity, criterion-related validity, diagnosis accuracy, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability were evaluated. RESULTS: The Chinese version of the SMBQ demonstrated adequate internal consistency, good test-retest reliability, good content validity, excellent convergent and discriminant validity, and appropriate criterion-related validity. Using the parental burnout assessment as a reference criterion, the area under the curve was 0.903. The optimal cut-off point for the SMBQ was 4.833. The factor model of the SMBQ used in Chinese parents of children with cancer had a good fit. The survey revealed that Chinese parents of children with cancer experienced a high level of burnout (3.86 ± 1.03). CONCLUSIONS: The Chinese version of SMBQ was reliable and valid for assessing burnout in parents of children with cancer. Parents of children with cancer experienced a high level of burnout in China. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: This SMBQ can be used in Chinese clinical and research settings to investigate burnout in parents who have children with cancer. Further research could examine the predictive validity and validity.

Síndrome de burnout, resiliencia y miedo a la COVID-19 en personal sanitario durante la pandemia por SARS-CoV-2 / Burnout syndrome, resilience and fear of COVID-19 in healthcare professionals during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

Objetivo: describir la relación entre burnout, resiliencia y miedo frente a la COVID-19 del personal de salud que trabaja en la Gerencia de Atención Primaria de Toledo (GAPTO) durante la emergencia sanitaria por la pandemia por SARS-CoV-2. Diseño: estudio descriptivo, observacional y transversal. Emplazamiento: GAPTO, España. Participantes: 96 profesionales de medicina y enfermería de la GAPTO. Mediciones principales: se incluyeron las siguientes variables: características sociodemográficas, condiciones laborales, burnout, resiliencia y miedo a la COVID-19. Resultados: la prevalencia del burnout fue de 36,5%, el riesgo de desarrollar burnout fue de 28,1%. Un 50% de los profesionales tenía alterada la subescala de agotamiento emocional (AE), que puede estar asociada o no con alteraciones de las otras subescalas. Un 42,7% de la población estudiada mostró baja resiliencia. Un 45,8% tenía poco miedo a la COVID-19; un 43,8%, un miedo moderado, y un 10,4% presentaba altos niveles de miedo. Se encontró asociación inversa entre el síndrome de burnout y la resiliencia. También se observó relación entre el miedo a la COVID-19 y el burnout. La resiliencia y el miedo a la COVID-19 tienen una asociación más fuerte que el resto de las variables. Otras variables relacionadas con la presencia de burnout fueron la profesión y el servicio donde trabajan los profesionales. Conclusiones: el síndrome de burnout afectó a una elevada proporción de profesionales de la sanidad de la GAPTO en el marco de la pandemia por COVID-19, siendo el AE la subescala predominantemente afectada, que se encuentra relacionada con los niveles de resiliencia y de miedo a la COVID-19.(AU)

Objective: to report the relationship between burnout, levels of resilience and fear of COVID-19 in health professionals working in Toledo Primary Care Management (GAPTO) during the health emergency due to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Design: descriptive, observational and cross-sectional study. Location: GAPTO, Spain. Participants: 96 GAPTO medical and nursing professionals. Main measurements: the variables included were: sociodemographic characteristics, working conditions, burnout, resilience and fear of COVID-19. Results: the prevalence of burnout syndrome was 36.5%, the risk of developing burnout was 28.1%. A total of 50% of professionals underwent an alteration on the emotional exhaustion subscale, which may or may not be associated with alterations on the other subscales. A total of 42.7% of the population shows low resilience; 45.8%, 43.8% and 10.4% have little, moderate and a high fear of COVID-19. An inverse association was detected between burnout syndrome and resilience. A relationship was also found between the fear of COVID-19 and burnout. Resilience and fear of COVID-19 have a stronger association than the rest of the variables. Other variables related to the presence of burnout were the profession and the department where the professionals work. Conclusions: burnout syndrome affects a high proportion of health professionals working in GAPTO, Spain, in the framework of the COVID-19 pandemic. Emotional exhaustion is the predominantly affected subscale, which is related to levels of resilience and fear of COVID-19.(AU)

Síndrome de burnout e atividade física em adolescentes no contexto da pandemia da Covid-19 / Burnout syndrome and physical activity in adolescents in the context of Covid-19 pandemic / Síndrome de burnout y actividad física en adolescentes en el contexto de la pandemia de Covid-19

panorama da pandemia da Covid-19 surgiu a necessidade em diversas áreas do conhecimento de buscar entender os impactos desse cenário nas pessoas, além da busca de estratégias para mitigar estes impactos deletérios à saúde e ao bem-estar pessoal de diversos grupos sociais. O distanciamento social adotado como medida sanitária mostrou-se efetivo para abrandar a contaminação da doença, mas também trouxe algumas implicações a nível psicológico, não apenas na população adulta, mas também entre os adolescentes. Uma delas foi a escalada dos níveis de estresse devido a uma nova rotina de isolamento social e ensino remoto, que por sua vez, pode implicar diretamente na incidência da síndrome de burnout entre os jovens, assim como em adultos. O objetivo desse estudo foi analisar a relação entre o nível de atividade física e os sintomas de burnout durante o isolamento social ocasionado pela pandemia da Covid-19 entre adolescentes. A amostra do estudo foi constituída de adolescentes com idades entre 15 e 17 anos. Foram aplicados de maneira remota os questionários MBI-SS (Maslach Burnout Inventory ­ Student Survey) e o QAFA (Questionário de Atividade Física para o Adolescente), que possibilitaram analisar respectivamente, os indicativos de burnout e o nível de atividade física da amostra, além de um questionário semiestruturado que forneceu informações como tempo de tela e motivação para prática de atividade física, por exemplo. Os resultados indicaram que em relação à síndrome de burnout, os indivíduos fisicamente mais ativos têm 2 vezes menos chances de apresentar sintomas da síndrome em detrimento ao insuficientemente ativos. Observou-se qualitativamente, através do questionário semiestruturado, um elevado tempo de tela e uma diminuição na prática regular de atividade física, no contexto do primeiro ano de pandemia. Com estes achados, conclui-se que a atividade física pode ser um elemento diretamente influente na apresentação dos sintomas da síndrome de burnout entre adolescentes. Esta relação pôde ser evidenciada no contexto do primeiro ano de pandemia, onde foram fechados diversos espaços públicos destinados à prática de atividade física e lazer, além das escolas onde esses jovens tinham acesso às aulas de educação física.

In the panorama of the Covid-19 pandemic, the need arose in several areas of knowledge to seek to understand the impacts of this scenario on people, in addition to the search for strategies to mitigate these deleterious impacts on the health and personal well-being of various social groups. The social distancing adopted as a health measure proved to be effective to slow down the contamination of the disease, but it also brought some implications at the psychological level, not only in the adult population, but also among adolescents. One of them was the escalation of stress levels due to a new routine of social isolation and remote education, which in turn can directly implicate in the incidence of burnout syndrome among young people, as well as adults. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between physical activity level and burnout symptoms during social isolation occasioned by the Covid-19 pandemic among adolescents. The study sample consisted of adolescents aged 15 to 17 years. The MBI-SS (Maslach Burnout Inventory - Student Survey) and the QAFA (Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents) questionnaires were applied remotely, which made it possible to analyze, respectively, the indications of burnout and the level of physical activity of the sample, in addition to a semi-structured questionnaire that provided information such as screen time and motivation to practice physical activity, for example. The results indicated that in relation to burnout syndrome, the more physically active individuals are 2 times less likely to present symptoms of the syndrome in detriment of the insufficiently active ones. It was qualitatively observed, through the semi-structured questionnaire, a high screen time and a decrease in the regular practice of physical activity, in the context of the first year of the pandemic. With these findings, we conclude that physical activity can be a directly influential element in the presentation of burnout syndrome symptoms among adolescents. This relationship could be evidenced in the context of the first year of the pandemic, where several public spaces for physical activity and leisure were closed, in addition to the schools where these young people had access to physical education classes.

En el panorama de la pandemia del Covid-19, surgió la necesidad en varias áreas del conocimiento de buscar comprender los impactos de este escenario en las personas, además de la búsqueda de estrategias para mitigar estos impactos deletéreos en la salud y en el bienestar personal de diversos grupos sociales. El distanciamiento social adoptado como medida sanitaria se mostró eficaz para frenar la contaminación de la enfermedad, pero también trajo algunas implicaciones a nivel psicológico, no sólo en la población adulta, sino también entre los adolescentes. Una de ellas fue la escalada de los niveles de estrés debido a una nueva rutina de aislamiento social y educación a distancia, que a su vez puede implicar directamente en la incidencia del síndrome de burnout entre los jóvenes, así como entre los adultos. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la relación entre el nivel de actividad física y los síntomas de burnout durante el aislamiento social ocasionado por la pandemia de Covid-19 entre los adolescentes. La muestra del estudio estaba formada por adolescentes de 15 a 17 años. Se aplicaron a distancia los cuestionarios MBI-SS (Maslach Burnout Inventory - Student Survey) y QAFA (Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents), que permitieron analizar, respectivamente, los indicios de burnout y el nivel de actividad física de la muestra, además de un cuestionario semiestructurado que proporcionó información como el tiempo de pantalla y la motivación para practicar actividad física, por ejemplo. Los resultados indicaron que, en relación al síndrome de burnout, los individuos más activos físicamente tienen 2 veces menos probabilidades de presentar síntomas del síndrome en detrimento de los insuficientemente activos. Se observó cualitativamente, a través del cuestionario semiestructurado, un elevado tiempo de pantalla y una disminución en la práctica regular de actividad física, en el contexto del primer año de la pandemia. Con estos hallazgos, concluimos que la actividad física puede ser un elemento directamente influyente en la presentación de los síntomas del síndrome de burnout entre los adolescentes. Esta relación pudo ser evidenciada en el contexto del primer año de la pandemia, donde varios espacios públicos de actividad física y ocio fueron cerrados, además de las escuelas donde estos jóvenes tenían acceso a las clases de educación física.

Burnout in diabetes and endocrinology specialist registrars across England, Scotland and Wales in the pre-COVID era.

BACKGROUND: Presence of either emotional exhaustion, depersonalization or lack of personal accomplishment define Burnout Syndrome which may lead to decreased workforce productivity, increased absenteeism, depression and medical errors as well as decreased patient satisfaction. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of burnout syndrome among Diabetes Specialist Registrars across England, Scotland and Wales and to identify any self-reported factors which may be contributory to burnout. METHODS: Over 430 Diabetes Specialist Registrars were invited to anonymously participate in an electronic survey which used Maslach Burnout Inventory and selfreporting questionnaire to identify burnout and contributory factors. RESULTS: In this pre-pandemic times study, Burnout was identified in 61 (57.5%; n = 106) respondents using Maslach burnout cut-off scores. 45.2% (48/106) participants had scored high in Emotional Exhaustion, while lack of personal accomplishment and depersonalization was seen in 24.5% (26/106) and 21.6% (23/106) of the respondents respectively. The commonest self-reported stressors by participants were "General Internal Medicine workload" 60.4% (64/106) followed by "Lack of specialty training" 36.8% (39/106) and "Lack of audit/research/Continuing Professional Development time" 10.8% (11/106) CONCLUSION: Burnout syndrome is frequent among the participating Diabetes Specialist Registrars and urgent steps may be required address this problem nationally to ensure that these physicians remain physically and mentally healthy, especially after the pandemic.

The Diagnosis of Burnout: Some Challenges.

ABSTRACT: Burnout is a topic of high public and research interest, but debate remains as to how the syndrome should best be defined, measured, and diagnosed. In this article, we overview how issues relating to burnout's definition and measurement as well as the debate surrounding its overlap with depression have led to ambiguity surrounding its diagnostic status. We argue for a broader conceptualization of burnout and detail why we position it as distinct from depression, before providing recommendations for clinicians when considering a burnout diagnosis. We highlight that all measures of burnout risk "false-positive" diagnoses and that they should more be viewed as screening strategies with a definitive diagnosis (of "burning out" or "being burnt out") requiring close clinical assessment and exclusion of alternate psychological and physical conditions.

Psychometric properties of the Farsi version of diabetes burnout scale in patients with type 1 diabetes.

OBJECTIVE: Diabetes burnout refers to the feeling of exhaustion and frustration in the management of diabetes, which can lead to treatment non-adherence, poor glycemic control, and a high prevalence of diabetes complications. Measuring diabetes burnout requires accurate and standard instruments. The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Farsi version Diabetes Burnout Scale (F-DBS). METHODS: This cross-sectional study was performed on 550 patients with type 1 diabetes (262 men and 288 women) referred to diabetes centers in different cities of Hamedan province (Asadabad, Hamedan, Malayer, and Nahavand) in 2021. The mean age and duration of the disease in these patients were 35.58 (SD=14.32) and 15.02 (SD=10.60) years, respectively. Data were collected using the Diabetes Burnout Scale (DBS), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and Kessler psychological distress scale. After forward-backward translation, face, content and convergent validity were performed. To evaluate the construct validity, convergent validity, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were performed. Internal consistency was examined with Cronbach's alpha coefficients. RESULTS: In the exploratory factor analysis, two factors of exhaustion (five items) and detachment (seven items) were extracted, which together explained 46.58% of the total variance. In confirmatory factor analysis, the fit indices were appropriate. There was a significant positive correlation between diabetes burnout and depression (r = 0.30, p < 0.001) and psychological distress (r = 0.36, p < 0.001). Cronbach's alpha coefficient of diabetes burnout, exhaustion and detachment were 0.813, 0.846 and 0.812, respectively. CONCLUSION: The Farsi version of the Diabetes Burnout scale has acceptable validity and reliability and can be used in various studies.

Análisis factorial y regresión logística multinomial del cuestionario de evaluación de sobrecarga del cuidador / Factorial analysis and multinomial logistic regression of the evaluation questionnaire for the overload of the caregiver

Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto de las variables consideradas influyentes sobre el nivel de sobrecarga del cuidador. Metodología: El estudio respondió a una modalidad de investigación empírico-analítica, y la metodología que se aplicó en este trabajo utilizó el análisis multivariante y los modelos de regresión logit multinominal. Se realizó en L'Hospitalet de Llobregat (Barcelona), con la participación de 14 profesionales sanitarios y 296 cuidadores informales durante los años 2016 y 2017. La técnica de muestreo seleccionada fue la de muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia. El cuestionario utilizado para este estudio fue un instrumento diseñado ad hoc y con solidez psicométrica demostrada, conocido como CESC (Cuestionario de Evaluación de Sobrecarga del Cuidador). Resultados: El análisis factorial mediante componentes principales permitió agrupar las 16 variables estudiadas en 5 factores: “expresión emocional”, “calidad de vida”, “deterioro funcional y cognitivo”, “red de apoyo” y “desarrollo social”. El resultado explicó el 58,99% de la varianza. Posteriormente se construyó un modelo de regresión logística multinomial, se incorporó como variable dependiente el nivel de sobrecarga del cuidador, y como variables independientes los síntomas y predictores de sobrecarga que componen cada factor. Conclusiones: Destaca la importancia de las variables en el nivel de sobrecarga del cuidador, con la preeminencia del factor emocional. Se determinó que los sistemas de apoyo juegan un papel importante en el desempeño del rol del cuidador (AU)

Objective: To evaluate the effect of each of the considered influential variables on the level of caregiver overload. Methodology he study was based on empirical and analytical research. Multivariate analysis and multinominal logit regression models were used. It was made in L'Hospitalet de Llobregat (Barcelona), involving 14 health professionals and 296 informal carers during 2016 and 2017. A technique of “non-probabilistic sampling for convenience” was selected. The questionnaire used for this study was an ad hoc designed instrument and with proven psychometric strength, known as CESC (Caregiver Overload Assessment Questionnaire). Results: Factorial analysis through main components allowed grouping the 16 variables studied in 5 factors: “emotional expression”, “quality of life”, “functional and cognitive deterioration”, “support network” and “social development”. The result explained 58.99% of the variance. Subsequently, a multinomial logistic regression model was constructed, was incorporated as a dependent variable the overload caregiver level, and as independent variables the symptoms and predictors of overload that compose each factor. Conclusions: Highlights the importance of the variables in the level of caregiver overload, with the pre-eminence of the emotional factor. It was determined that the support systems are important in the role of the caregiver (AU)

A new tool to evaluate burnout: the Italian version of the BAT for Italian healthcare workers.

BACKGROUND: Healthcare workers (HCWs) represents one of the highest-risk population to develop burnout symptoms. Recently, a new tool has been designed to measure several dimensions that capture an exhaustive expression of burnout symptoms by six dimensions (i.e., exhaustion; mental distance; cognitive impairment; emotional impairment; psychological distress; psychosomatic complaints). METHODS: The current study aims to adapt the Burnout Assessment Tool (BAT) to an Italian Healthcare workers' sample confirming the original second-order factorial structure. Furthermore, we expected to find good indexes of reliability and validity tests. Participants were 697 Italian Health Care Workers (Female = 68.44%; mean age = 36.47; SD = 11.20). Data were collected by self-report questionnaires submitted by the snowball method. RESULTS: Findings show a good fit of the BAT's structure, confirming the hypothesized second-order factorial model. Furthermore, good reliability has been established with the study's measures. CONCLUSIONS: The BAT for HCWs is eligible as a new tool to evaluate burnout in the at-risk HCWs as a multi-facet constellation of symptoms.

A cross-sectional national study of burnout and psychosocial work environment in vascular surgery in Denmark.

OBJECTIVE: Little is known about burnout among European vascular surgeons (VSs). In this study, the prevalence of burnout and its associated risk factors were investigated among all VSs and vascular surgeons in training (VSTs) in Denmark. METHODS: An anonymous electronic survey was distributed to all clinical active VSs and VSTs on January 1, 2020. Validated assessment tools were used to measure burnout and aspects of the psychosocial work environment. RESULTS: A total of 104 VSs and VSTs were invited to participate, and 82% (n = 85) completed the survey. The majority of the respondents were male (60%; n = 50) and VSs (67%; n = 61). Of the respondents, 82% (n = 70) reported either light (54%; n = 46), moderate (22%; n = 19), or severe (6%; n = 5) personal burnout. More than 50% (n = 47) reported work-related burnout, light (39%; n = 33), moderate (9%; n = 8), and severe (7%; n = 6), respectively, whereas 35% (n = 30) reported patient-related burnout, light (31%; n = 26), moderate (2%; n = 2), and severe (2%; n = 2), respectively. Respondents with more than four 24-hour on-call shifts per month had significantly higher work-related burnout scores, whereas respondents with home-living children and those aged 45 to 59 years showed significantly higher personal and patient-related burnout, respectively. There were strong associations between personal and work-related burnout and the psychosocial work environment, especially work organization and interpersonal relations, but not job demands. The prevalence of burnout was unevenly distributed across departments, with the most affected department having a burnout occurrence twice the least affected department. CONCLUSIONS: Based on a national survey conducted among all clinical active VSs and VSTs in Denmark, more than 80% (n = 70) suffered from burnout, of whom 28% (n = 24) suffered from moderate to severe personal burnout. The strong association with the psychosocial work environment, and the significant differences between departments, suggest that burnout is modifiable through changes in the work environment.

Síndrome de burnout e fatores associados em estudantes da área da saúde / Síndrome de burnout y factores asociados en estudiantes del área de la salud / Burnout syndrome and associated factors among health professions students

Objetivo: investigar a prevalência da Síndrome de Burnout entre universitários da área da saúde e a sua associação com variáveis sociodemográficas e acadêmicas. Método: estudo transversal, realizado com 231 universitários da área da saúde entre os meses de setembro e outubro de 2020. Aplicou-se o Maslach Burnout Inventory/ Student Survey para avaliar a Síndrome de Burnout e associou-se um questionário para levantamento das variáveis sociodemográficas e acadêmicas. A associação entre variáveis categóricas foi avaliada por meio dos testes Qui-quadrado e Exato de Fisher. Considerou-se nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: a prevalência da Síndrome de Burnout foi de 31,2%. A variável curso apresentou significância estatística (p<0,05) para Síndrome de Burnout, com maior prevalência nos alunos dos cursos de Medicina Veterinária e Odontologia. Conclusão: há indícios de alta prevalência de Síndrome de Burnout entre universitários da área da saúde.

Objetivo: investigar la prevalencia del Síndrome de Burnout en estudiantes de pregrado del área de la salud y su asociación con variables sociodemográficas y académicas. Método: estudio transversal, realizado con 231 estudiantes de pregrado del área de salud entre los meses de septiembre y octubre de 2020. Se aplicó el Maslach Burnout Inventory/ Student Survey para evaluar el Síndrome de Burnout y se asoció un cuestionario para relevar las variables sociodemográficas y académicas. La asociación entre variables categóricas se evaluó mediante las pruebas de Chi-cuadrado y Prueba Exacta de Fisher. Se consideró un nivel de significación del 5%. Resultados: la prevalencia del síndrome de Burnout fue del 31,2%. La variable curso presentó significación estadística (p<0,05) para el Síndrome de Burnout, con mayor prevalencia en los estudiantes de Medicina Veterinaria y Odontología. Conclusión: existe evidencia de una alta prevalencia del Síndrome de Burnout entre los estudiantes de pregrado de salud.

Objective: to investigate the prevalence of Burnout Syndrome among health professions undergraduate students and its association with sociodemographic and academic variables. Method: cross-sectional study, carried out with 231 health professions undergraduate students between September and October 2020. The Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey was applied to evaluate Burnout Syndrome and a questionnaire was associated with a survey of sociodemographic and academic variables. The association between categorical variables was evaluated using the Chi-square and Fisher's Exact tests. A 5% significance level was considered. Results: the prevalence of Burnout Syndrome was 31.2%. The course variable showed statistical significance (p<0.05) for Burnout Syndrome, with higher prevalence among Veterinary Medicine and Dentistry students Conclusion: there is evidence of a high prevalence of Burnout Syndrome among health professions undergraduate students.

Reliability and validity study of the Thai adaptation of the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory-Student Survey (CBI-SS) among preclinical medical students at the Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Thailand.

Burnout syndrome is a syndrome of emotional exhaustion, professional efficacy and cynicism. A significant proportion of medical students reported having burnout syndrome during their training in medical education. Several tools including the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory-Student Survey (CBI-SS) are considered to be a valid measurement of burnout syndrome in medical students. This study aimed to translate, culturally adapt, and validate the CBI-SS for assessing burnout syndrome among preclinical medical students in Thailand. This study was conducted during February to March 2019 at the Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University (Bangkok, Thailand), which is Thailand's largest and oldest medical school, and Thailand's largest national tertiary referral center. After receiving formal permission to do so from the copyright owner, the original English language version of the CBI-SS was translated to Thai language using an internationally recommended and accepted forward-backward translation protocol. The Thai version of the CBI-SS (Thai CBI-SS) comprises 25 items, including 6 items for personal burnout, 7 items for study-related burnout, 6 items for colleague-related burnout, and 6 items for teacher-related burnout. Standardized Cronbach's alpha coefficient was calculated to evaluate internal consistency reliability, and correlation coefficient was computed to determine test-retest reliability. A total of 414 preclinical medical students participated in this study. Due to sub-optimal factor weights (<0.50), items 6, 10 and 17 were excluded. The Cronbach's alpha coefficients of the 22-item Thai CBI-SS for personal, study-related, colleague-related, and teacher-related burnout were 0.898, 0.896, 0.910 and 0.900 respectively. The correlation coefficients for test-retest reliability after three weeks were 0.820, 0.870, 0.821, and 0.787 for personal, study-related, colleague-related, and teacher-related burnout, respectively. Maximum likelihood analysis with oblimin rotation indicated four main components, and confirmatory factor analysis revealed good fit indices of the Thai CBI-SS. Confirmatory factor analysis showed good fit indices of CBI-SS domains (χ2/df = 2.39; CFI = 0.957; GFI = 0.909; RMSEA = 0.058; TLI = 0.949; and NFI = 0.928). The convergent validity analysis using the Average Variance Extracted (AVE) and the Composite Reliability (CR) was adequate for all dimensions (personal: AVE = 0.626, CR = 0.893; study-related: AVE = 0.601, CR = 0.899; colleague-related: AVE = 0.677, CR = 0.913; teacher-related: AVE = 0.606, CR = 0.900). The HTMT values for all variables are in the range from 0.315 to 0.833, confirming the discriminant validity. The Thai CBI-SS was found to be a valid and reliable tool for evaluating burnout syndrome in preclinical medical students in Thailand.

[Diagnosing, managing and preventing parental burnout]. / Diagnostiquer, prendre en charge et prévenir le burn- out parental.

Parental burnout has recently been identified as one of the priorities in the field of psychological sciences. The seriousness of its consequences on parents and children has revealed the urgent need to develop valid and effective diagnostic, management and prevention tools. An overview of existing tools in the literature, with particular attention to the role that frontline professionals can play, is essential.

Mental Health and Work Engagement as Predictors of Different Burnout Conceptualizations in a Multi Occupational Sample from Latvia

The aim of the study was to investigate the role of mental health concepts (depression, anxiety, and stress) and work engagement in the prediction of burnout sub-variables in different conceptual models and which sub-variable they explain the most. It was assumed, that conceptualization of burnout subtypes could be more successful in the distinction of the burnout from other mental health phenomena compared to the well-known approach. A cross-sectional study among multi-occupational sample (N= 394) was conducted. A correlational and multivariative design was done. Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales was used for measure depression, anxiety, and stress and Utrecht Work Engagement Scale for measure work engagement. Maslach Burnout Inventory General Survey and Burnout Clinical Subtype Questionnaire were used for burnout measures. Anxiety, work engagement, and stress were significant predictors of Frenetic subtype, Work engagement and depression explained Underchallenged subtype, depression, work engagement and anxiety explained Worn-Out, but all independent variables explained Exhaustion, in turn depression and work engagement predicted Cynicism and Professional efficacy. Sociodemographic factors were controlled. Work engagement had greater predictive value of the burnout in the Montero Marín model, but the mental health factors played a more dominant role in the Maslach model. The results indicate a greater role of depression in the classical burnout model (AU)

Development and validation of the Brief Parental Burnout Scale (BPBS).

Since parental burnout can have detrimental consequences for parents, couples, and children, easy-to-use, reliable, and valid practical tools for the early detection of parental burnout are required. We developed and validated a brief scale to identify burned-out parents and parents at burnout risk. In Study 1, we developed the 5-item Brief Parental Burnout scale (BPBs) based on the gold standard measure of parental burnout, the Parental Burnout Assessment (PBA). We applied Item Response Theory Graded Response Model (GRM) analyses on the data of 1,725 Finnish parents. Compared against the PBA total score, the five selected items showed both high sensitivity and specificity in screening parental burnout. As expected, burned-out parents and those at burnout risk according to the BPBs displayed higher depressive symptoms, lower self-esteem, and more frequent sleep disruptions than non-burned-out parents. In Study 2, we tested the sensitivity and specificity of the BPBs by using both the BPBs and the PBA as independent assessment tools in a sample of 1,088 Finnish parents. In Study 3, the high sensitivity and specificity of the BPBs found in Study 2 were replicated in an independent sample of 104 Belgian parents. We further demonstrated the concurrent validity of the BPBs test score interpretations by showing that burned-out parents, or those at burnout risk, reported higher child neglect and parental violence than non-burned-out parents. Because of its user-friendliness and the strong psychometric properties of its test score, the BPBs is a good candidate to use as a screening tool for parental burnout. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).

Romanian Short Version of the Burnout Assessment Tool: Psychometric Properties.

The Burnout Assessment Tool (BAT) represents a new measure of burnout that addresses the shortcomings of previous instruments. This study investigates the psychometric properties of the Romanian short version of the BAT. The sample consisted of 648 employees that completed the short version of the BAT. Of this sample, 117 employees also completed measures for other well-being indicators, job demands, job resources, personality, and organizational outcomes. According to our findings, there are strong correlations between the four core (exhaustion, emotional impairment, cognitive impairment, and mental distance) and two secondary (psychological distress and psychosomatic complaints) burnout symptoms. The scales presented appropriate reliability indicators. Results also support the convergent, discriminant, and construct validities. The Item Response Theory analysis showed a good coverage of the latent trait and the confirmatory factor analyses revealed appropriate fit indices. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.